A Serious Viral Liver Infection
Hepatitis B is a serious viral liver infection. While most individuals with Hepatitis B recover, some may develop a chronic infection that can eventually lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and even death. Symptoms may include jaundice, malaise, loss of appetite and nausea. The Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through blood or body fluids, including saliva, menstrual and seminal fluids. Sharing needles, sexual contact and perinatal exposure of a baby to an infected mother are common causes of Hepatitis B. It is important to note that transmission can also occur from sharing inanimate objects such as toothbrushes, razors and towels. Tattoos and body piercing are also known causes of both Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C transmission.
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Fortunately, there is a vaccine for Hepatitis B that is usually given as three injections. The first is given shortly after birth, the second at one to two months of age and the third at six to eighteen months of age. Recent studies have shown that immunity wanes about 15 years after completion of the initial vaccination series, with only 67% of those who received the initial vaccine series still showing immunity after that period of time. Since Hepatitis B is acquired mainly through behaviors that occur in adulthood, it may make sense to have a booster dose in the late teen years, although this recommendation has not yet been officially made by infectious disease experts.